摘要：The myofibroblast, a major component of granulation tissue, is a key cell during wound healing, tissue repair and connective tissue remodelling. Persistence of myofibroblasts within a fibrotic lesion leads to excessive scarring impairing function and aesthetics. Various wound-healing cytokines can be modulated by topical application of active agents to promote optimal wound healing and improve scar quality. Thus, the myofibroblast may represent an important target for wound-healing modulation to improve the evolution of conditions such as hypertrophic scars. The purpose of this work is to study the modulation of myofibroblasts and integrin αvβ3 in a full thickness wound performed on rabbits treated with different topical agents using: (1) saline, (2) Tegaderm occlusive dressing (3) silver sulfadiazine and (4) moist exposed burn ointment (MEBO). The reepithelialisation was 4 days faster in the MEBO group compared with the other therapies with less oedema formation, delayed contraction, less inflammatory cells and the lowest transepidermal water loss (TEWL) resulting in a soft scar. Although α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) was the highest around day 12 in the MEBO group, wound contraction and myofibroblast's activity were the least for the same period probably because of a downregulation of the integrin αvβ3. It seems that the effect of MEBO could be more pronounced on force transmission rather then on force generation. Greater insight into the pathology of scars may translate into non surgical treatments in the future and further work in myofibroblast biology will eventually result in efficient pharmacological tools, improving the evolution of healing and scar formation.

摘要：Introduction:? After partial-thickness skin graft (PTSG) harvesting, a dermal surface is exposed and an iatrogenic wound is created. Application of various agents has been studied for enhancement of healing process in PTSG donor area. The ideal agent should accelerate healing, provide comfort to the patient, not allow infection, and be easily applicable and cheap. Materials and Methods:? The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Scopus. and EMBASE databases were screened for words (“skin graft” + “donor”), by using time limits between 1989 and 2018. This study involved a total of 5 systematic reviews and 43 original articles which met the inclusion criteria. Articles were reviewed and parameters such as healing time, pain, infection rate, cosmetic result, and cost were extracted. Results:? Systematic reviews favor moist dressing materials over dry ones considering healing time and patient comfort. Hydrocolloids provide rapid wound healing, and dressing changes do not cause any disruption to the newly regenerated epithelium. Alginates seem to have a longer healing time than hydrocolloid materials. Polyurethane films are characterized by rapid epithelialization and painless monitoring as well as low costs. The epithelialization time of MEBO?, a cosmeceutical product, is reported to be faster than polyurethane films. Local and systemic drug applications warrant further research before routine clinical usage. Conclusion:? Dressing materials are the most commonly used and appropriate group according to the studies performed to date. It is seen that moist dressing materials are more favorable. Although there is not a subgroup with a clear superiority, it can be seen that the hydrofiber and polyurethane film groups are one step ahead in terms of ease of use, patient comfort, epithelialization speed, and scar quality. Polyurethane films have a cost advantage to the hydrofiber group.

摘要：目的:探究湿润暴露疗法/湿润烧伤膏(moist exposure therapy/Moist burn ointment,MEBT/MEBO)通过哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合物(mammalian target of rapamycincomplex,m TORC)信号通路基质金属蛋白酶(MMP3、MMP8)促进体表慢性难愈合创面的修复机制。方法:(1)取60只SPF级Wistar大鼠作为实验对象,将这些大鼠分为五组,即空白组、对照组、模型组、贝复新组以及MEBO组,每组12只。模型组、贝复新组、MEBO组、对照组于背部做一圆形创面,然后模型组、贝复新组、MEBO组立即肌肉注射醋酸氢化可的松注射液,使其形成慢性难愈合创面,而对照组不注射醋酸氢化可的松注射液使其形成急性创面。模型组不涂抹任何药物,贝复新组涂抹贝复新凝胶,MEBO组涂抹湿润烧伤膏,对照组氯化钠溶液纱条覆盖,空白组只备皮不做创伤性处理。(2)分别在造模后的第3、7、14天记录各组大鼠创面愈合率,并进行HE及Masson染色观察创面组织愈合的病理情况。(3)采用Western Blot法分别对MMP3、MMP8、磷酸化m TORC(p-m TORC)进行检测,分析在各组大鼠创面组织中MMPs以及p-m TORC蛋白表达水平。(4)使用实时PCR法检测各组大鼠创面组织中MMP3、MMP8、m TORC m RNA基因转录情况。结果:(1)创面愈合率:四组大鼠造模后第7、14天的创面愈合率显著高于第3天,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。造模后第3天,对照组、模型组、贝复新组、MEBO组创面愈合率比较,差异无统计学意义(F=2.474,P=0.074);造模后第7、14天,对照组、贝复新组、MEBO组的创面愈合率均优于模型组,差异均存在统计学意义(均P<0.05)。(2)创面组织病理学:HE及Masson染色结果发现,在造模后的第3天,除空白组外,四组的炎症细胞大量生成,新生毛细血管生成较少,成纤维细胞排列紊乱,未生成皮肤附属器。造模后的第7天,对照组、MEBO组及贝复新组中的炎症细胞较之前显著降低,毛细血管生成明显,成纤维细胞排列规则;模型组中可观察到少数新生毛细血管及排列不规则的成纤维细胞,仍有炎症细胞浸润,未生成皮肤附属器。造模后的第14天,对照组、MEBO组与贝复新组新生毛细血管排列有序,未见浸润的炎症细胞,有皮肤附属器生成,胶原纤维明显增加且排列...

摘要：目的 探讨湿润暴露疗法/湿润烧伤膏(moist exposed burn therapy/moist exposed burn ointment, MEBT/MEBO)是否通过调控糖尿病难愈合创面肌成纤维细胞，影响α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-smooth muscle actin, α-SMA)和Ⅰ型胶原蛋白(collagenⅠ,COL-1)的表达水平，从而促进创面愈合。方法 90只SPF级成年雄性Wistar大鼠以随机数表法分为5组，空白组、对照组、模型组、MEBO组、贝复新组，每组18只，适应性喂养7 d后构建糖尿病模型，成模后统一制备创面。创面形成后第0天、第3天、第7天、第14天拍照记录创面愈合情况，每组随机取6只大鼠创面组织，进行HE、Masson染色以观察各组创面组织病理形态变化，免疫荧光观察创面组织α-SMA、COL-1的分布及表达情况，Western Blot检测创面组织α-SMA、COL-1的蛋白表达水平。结果 (1)同一时间点组织学观察各组病理形态改善均优于模型组，治疗后期创面愈合率MEBO组、贝复新组优于模型组。(2)WB:与对照组比较，创面发生第3天、第7天、第14天过程中，模型组创面组织α-SMA、COL-1蛋白表达均明显下降(P<0.05);与模型组比较，创面第7天、第14天，MEBO组、贝复新组创面组织α-SMA、COL-1表达显著升高(P<0.05)。(3)免疫荧光：与对照组比较，第3天、第7天、第14天的模型组α-SMA蛋白表达均较低，其中第7天时具有显著性差异(P<0.05);模型组COL-1蛋白表达均显著偏低(P<0.05)。与模型组比较，第7天、第14天MEBO组、贝复新组α-SMA表达均较高(P<0.05),两用药组COL-1表达也较高，而贝复新组与模型组的比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),MEBO组COL-1表达介于模型组与对照组之间，但与模型组的比较差异不明显(P>0.05)。结论 MEBT/MEBO可能通过提高α-SMA和COL-1的蛋白表达水平，促进肌成纤维细胞转化及细胞外基质的沉积，从而加速糖尿病难愈合创面修复。