摘要：Method: Consecutive patients (n=105) with CPUs (n=218) treated at three different hospitals were randomized to receive Moist Exposed Burn Ointment (MEBO) dressings (Regenerative group, n=55 with 115 ulcers) or wet-to-moist saline dressings (Control group, n=50 with 103 ulcers). Data collected prospectively included demographics, clinical, biochemical and ulcer features. Ulcer surface area (SA) and healing index (HI) were calculated and compared at twoweek intervals for 12 weeks. Results: Sixty-one patients (58.1%) were male and 44 (41.9%) were female. Their mean age was 69.5 years. There was an increase in HI and reduction in SA starting at two and four weeks, respectively in the regenerative group. At 12 weeks, 61.7% (71/115) of ulcers treated with MEBO had complete healing (HI=1) versus 28.2% (29/103) of controls (p=0.000). None of the patients receiving MEBO had a HI of<0.5 at 12 weeks as compared to 25.2% of controls (p=0.000). Significantly (p<0.01) more grade 2-4 ulcers healed completely with MEBO by 12 weeks. No adverse effects or allergic reactions were noted by 12 weeks. Conclusion: In addition to its safety, MEBO significantly promotes the healing of CPUs with significant increase in HI of any given ulcer as early as two weeks of treatment, and significant reduction of ulcer SA starting at four weeks with complete healing of more than 60% of ulcers by 12 weeks.

摘要：Wound healing after dermal injury is an imperfect process, inevitably leading to scar formation as the skin re-establishes its integrity. The resulting scars have different characteristics to normal skin, ranging from fine-line asymptomatic scars to problematic scarring including hypertrophic and keloid scars. Scars appear as a different colour to the surrounding skin and can be flat, stretched, depressed or raised, manifesting a range of symptoms including inflammation, erythema, dryness and pruritus, which can result in significant psychosocial impact on patients and their quality of life. In this paper, a comprehensive literature review coupled with an analysis of levels of evidence (LOE) for each published treatment type was conducted. Topical treatments identified include imiquimod, mitomycin C and plant extracts such as onion extract, green tea, Aloe vera, vitamin E and D, applied to healing wounds, mature scar tissue or fibrotic scars following revision surgery, or in combination with other more established treatments such as steroid injections and silicone. In total, 39 articles were included, involving 1703 patients. There was limited clinical evidence to support their efficacy; the majority of articles (n?=?23) were ranked as category 4 LOE, being of limited quality with individual flaws, including low patient numbers, poor randomisation, blinding, and short follow-up periods. As trials were performed in different settings, they were difficult to compare. In conclusion, there is an unmet clinical need for effective solutions to skin scarring, more robust long-term randomised trials and a consensus on a standardised treatment regime to address all aspects of scarring.

摘要：Burns expose the deeper tissues of the skin or body to invasive microbes. Topical preparations for treating burn wounds, to be useful, should ideally have antibiotic power and promote healing. Silver compounds have been the mainstay of topical burn treatment for decades. However, most chemical substances retard wound healing. Several natural agents such as honey and moist exposed burn ointment (MEBO) are believed to protect wounds from infection and promote healing without causing any of the adverse effects of purified chemicals. In this study, we compared the wound healing properties of MEBO, a herbal preparation of Chinese origin, with silver sulphadiazine (SSD), a long-standing conventional burn dressing. Ten adult Sprague Dawley rats were divided into two groups. They were housed in separate cages and received partial-thickness burn wounds on their dorsal skin. They were then treated with MEBO and SSD. The wounds were inspected daily until day 8, when all the animals were sacrificed, perfused with normal saline, and had their wounds excised and prepared for histology. It was found that animals in both groups were well preserved. No clinical infections occurred. Wound healing was at an advanced stage by day 8 in all the animals. Clinical and histological examination showed that the two agents gave the animals comparable protection and healing possibilities. It is concluded that MEBO is a suitable and efficacious alternative to conventional silver-based topical therapies for treating partial-thickness burn wounds.

摘要：Introduction and importance: Skin tuberculosis is a rare chronic skin disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Due to variations in host immunity, as well as differences in the toxicity, quantity, and routes of invasion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, different clinical manifestations can occur. Case presentation: A 60-year-old female with a history of SLE for 16 years presented with dark brown nodules and plaques on the left lower limb and dorsal hands for approximately 8 months, which worsened with erythema and ulceration over the last 3 months. Prior to this, she was diagnosed with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Her ulcer progressively increased in size and number, accompanied by yellowish-white cheesy discharge. Diagnostic evaluations, including a biopsy, confirmed the diagnosis of NF. Subsequently, the patient underwent treatment with a combination of surgical intervention, pharmacotherapy, and other supportive measures, leading to improvement and eventual discharge. Clinical discussion: Unlike the classical presentations, this case report describes a rare manifestation of NF secondary to cutaneous tuberculosis complicated by SLE. This presentation poses challenges in diagnosis and treatment, emphasizing the significance of comprehensive debridement and combination therapy in such patients. Further research is necessary to validate its effectiveness across broader patient demographics, especially in pediatrics and pregnant women. Conclusion: This case highlights the rare association between NF and cutaneous tuberculosis. The report of this case, with its rare clinical manifestations, can serve as a good reference to reduce misdiagnosis of cutaneous tuberculosis and provide timely and effective treatment for patients.